Display system for instruments

ABSTRACT

An instrument (&#34;INSTR&#34;) hardkey facilitates a change in settings of any instrument displayed in any of the windows that appears on a display. The user merely depresses the &#34;INSTR&#34; key and selects the instrument whose settings are to be changed by a softkey menu that is displayed when the &#34;INSTR&#34; hardkey is depressed. A color editor is preferably resident in the display and provides a superimposed window and softkey menu for enabling the user to adjust colors. An &#34;Adjust Color&#34; softkey allows the user to adjust one or all of six factors: red, green, blue, hue (tint), saturation (color or color level), and luminosity (brightness). The window preferably displays red, green, and blue bars in a bar graph format, which change in height as the user changes the red, green, and/or blue settings by a rotary pulse generator or a numeric keyboard. The window also shows readouts for hue, saturation, and luminosity which change as the user adjusts the values with the rotary pulse generator or the numeric keyboard. The ability to adjust any or all of the six attributes (red, green, blue, hue, saturation, and/or luminosity) enables the user to select any desired color. A method implemented in software, instead of hardware, also provides pixel stretching to the entire display to provide clearer, more refined images.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to electronic systems and, more particularly, toelectronic instruments for measuring electrical signals. Specifically,the invention is directed to displays for electronic systems.

In one known instrument, a display is provided which can display as manyas four windows. An instrument can comprise a module or a combination ofmodules. A different instrument state can be displayed in each of thefour windows simultaneously. That is, a display of the state of a moduleor combination of modules can be displayed in each of the four windowsconcurrently.

Unfortunately, once the different instrument states are displayed, it isvery cumbersome to access an individual instrument, that is, a module orcombination of modules, to change instrument settings. For example, oneexemplary instrument, the HP 70000 series modular measurement systemdisplay, the HP 70206A display, available from Hewlett-Packard Company,Signal Analysis Division, Rohnert Park, Calif., requires numerouskeystrokes to change instrument settings. Specifically, the user needsto depress the "DISPLAY" hardkey, then push the "Assign Keyboard"softkey, next select the window corresponding to the instrument whosesettings are to be changed by means of a numeric keyboard or a rotarypulse generator knob, and depress the "MENU" hardkey to enable theinstrument setting softkeys. This operation necessitates an in-depthunderstanding of the operation of the instrument. This operation alsousurps the time to enter many keystrokes irrespective of the level ofskill of the user. It is therefore desirable to facilitate the change ofinstrument settings in such an instrument.

Additionally, many color editors are known. One approach for enabling auser to select a set of colors is to display multiple colors from whichthe user can choose on the display screen simultaneously, and the usercan select colors by codes associated with the colors. Typically, thesystem sets defaults if the user does not elect to choose the colors.For example, in the case sixteen colors are available, the backgroundcan be defaulted to black (0), the graticule can be defaulted to gray(1), the first trace can be defaulted to yellow (2), the second tracecan be defaulted to cyan (blue) (3), the third trace can be defaulted topink (4), and so on up to 16 colors (i.e., colors 0-15). Therefore,color choices and the ability to adjust colors for various reasons, suchas the level of ambient light, color blindness of the user, etc., arelimited. It is therefore desirable to provide a broader range of colorchoices for color displays.

Finally, dot or pixel stretching to achieve a clearer, more refineddisplay is known. Previously, however, pixel stretching has beenachieved by means of hardware, such as in the HP 70205 and HP 70206displays, by ORing adjacent pixels. More recently, pixel stretching hasbeen achieved by means of a PAL (program array logic) circuit. However,in both of these instances, only the pixels of traces of data arestretched. It is desirable that pixel stretching be applied to theentire display.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One embodiment of the present invention provides an instrument ("INSTR")hardkey to facilitate a change in settings of any instrument displayedin any of the windows that appears on a display. The user merelydepresses the "INSTR" key and selects the instrument whose settings areto be changed by means of a softkey menu that is displayed when the"INSTR" hardkey is depressed. In the case of a color display, differentcolors can be employed to show the correspondence between theinstruments shown in the windows and the softkey menu instrument choices(i.e., the instrument and corresponding softkey menu selections arecolor coded). Also, or alternatively, the model number of theinstruments shown in the windows can be shown in the softkey menu. Bothcolor coding and model number coding are preferred. Furthermore, insystems where multiple modules having the same model number areemployed, the row and column addresses of the modules having the samemodel number are displayed to distinguish between instruments having thesame model number.

One embodiment of the invention also enables the user to adjust thecolors of the color display. The color editor is preferably resident inthe display. An instrument connected to the display preferably labelssoftkeys for allowing the user to adjust the colors based upon theinstrument actually controlling the display, that is, the module orcombination of modules controlling the display determines what aspectsof the display are enabled for color adjustment.

When the user selects color adjustment, the display provides asuperimposed window and softkey menu for enabling the user to adjustcolors. The menus can provide various selections, including theselection of default colors and preferably colors that compensate forvarious types of color blindness, which are stored in a read onlymemory. The user also has the softkey menu option to select "AdjustColor."

The "Adjust Color" softkey allows the user to adjust one or all of sixfactors: red, green, blue, hue (tint), saturation (color or colorlevel), and luminosity (brightness). The window preferably displays red,green, and blue bars in a bar graph format, which change in height asthe user changes the red, green, and/or blue settings by means of arotary pulse generator or a numeric keyboard. The window also showsreadouts for hue, saturation, and luminosity which change as the useradjusts the values with the rotary pulse generator or the numerickeyboard. The ability to adjust any or all of the six attributes (red,green, blue, hue, saturation, and/or luminosity) enables the user toselect any desired color.

Finally, one embodiment of the invention provides a method implementedin software, instead of hardware, for providing pixel stretching. Inaccordance with the pixel stretching method of the invention, any pixelstretching can be applied to the entire display to provide clearer, morerefined images.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other features of the invention and the concomitantadvantages will be better understood and appreciated by persons skilledin the field to which the invention pertains in view of the followingdescription given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In thedrawings:

FIGS. 1-3 show example screens for one, two, and four window cases,respectively, useful in describing the "INSTR" key provided inaccordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 shows an example for editing COLOR 0 in accordance with oneembodiment of color adjustment method in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 5 shows an example of a softkey menu which indicates that RED isactive and RGB selected in connection with adjusting the colors of acolor display; and

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of pixel stretching in accordance with theinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A key not previously provided, the "INSTR" key, is used to move thekeyboard between modules on the screen of a modular measurement systemdisplay, such as the HP 70004A display.

Previously, it was necessary to enter a menu called "assign keybd" inwhich a window could be selected by entering the appropriate windownumber with a numeric keyboard or a rotary pulse generator knob, thendepressing MENU again.

The INSTR key allows two-stroke access to any window displayedon-screen, thus greatly easing the burden of controlling instruments inseveral different windows.

The "INSTR" key functions as follows. When the "INSTR" key is depressed,the display places colored borders around the currently defined windows.The pens used are: window 1, pen 2; window 2, pen 3; window 3, pen 4;window 4, pen 5. Typically, these pens are yellow, cyan, pink, andgreen, respectively. In the corner nearest the default position of thesewindows (window 1, lower left, window 2, lower right, window 3, upperleft, window 4, upper right), a softkey containing the first sevencharacters in the label identification for the module is displayed ininverse video in the same color as the associated window border. If anyof the labeled softkeys is depressed, a keyboard link is offered to themodule corresponding to that window. If the module accepts the link, itis given the keyboard and will put up its menu keys as though the "MENU"key had been depressed.

FIGS. 1-3 show example screens for one, two, and four window cases,respectively. ##SPC1##

The "Adjust Color" menu is used to modify the colors displayed by the HP70004A display. The "Adjust Color" menu is:

RECALL COLORS

SAVE COLORS

edit colors

DEFAULT COLORS

MONOCHROME

special colors

RECALL COLORS and SAVE COLORS load and store the current color mapfrom/to any of four color map registers. The user is prompted to enter aregister number when one of these keys is depressed and concludes theentry with the "ENTER" softkey.

"DEFAULT COLORS" loads the current color map from a preset color map inread only memory (ROM). "MONOCHROME" loads the current color map withshades of green. The "special colors" menu loads predefined color mapsout of ROM. The three choices are "VISION ENHNC1," "VISION ENHNC 2," and"OPTICAL FILTER," which are color maps optimized for two common visualimpairments and for people working in red goggles often found in opticslaboratories.

The "edit colors" menu allows editing of pens 0-11. This editing affectsthe current color map, regardless of how it was originally loaded. Forexample, the MONOCHROME palette can be loaded, and then one or more ofthe trace colors can be modified using "edit colors."

The "edit colors" menu labels look like:

BACK GROUND

COLOR 1

COLOR 2

COLOR 3

COLOR 4

COLOR 5

MORE 1 of 2

COLOR 6

COLOR 7

COLOR 8

COLOR 9

COLOR 10

KEY LABELS

MORE 2 of 2

When any of these colors is selected, the following menu goes up:

HUE

SATURATION

LUMINOSITY

HSL/RGB

UNDO

PLOTTER PEN

prey menu

An example, shown for editing COLOR 0, is shown in FIG. 4.

The active function (HUE, SATURATION, or LUMINOSITY) is underlined. HUEis active on entry to this menu. HSL is underlined as well. If theHSL/RGB key is depressed, the menu changes to:

RED

GREEN

BLUE

HSL/RGB

UNDO

PLOTTER PEN

prey menu

with RED active and RGB underlined. An example is shown in FIG. 5.

In either case a box appears on the display screen which overrides apart of the on-screen data. In the box is a patch of the color beingedited, and also red, green, and blue bars showing graphically the red,green, and blue content of the color. This is significant because thehardware implements the RGB model, and hence the bars show the exacthardware settings (and hence imply the parameters for the PC command)for that color. The values of HUE, SATURATION, LUMINOSITY, RED, GREEN,and BLUE are also displayed textually. One or more of these valueschanges when the rotary pulse generator knob is turned or a numberentered.

Previous color editors allowed the user to adjust only the HSL values orthe RGB values. The color editor in accordance with the invention allowsadjustment of any of the six attributes of a color (RED value, GREENvalue, BLUE value, HUE, SATURATION, or LUMINOSITY) and simultaneousdisplay of all six attributes, along with a graphical readout of RGB.This allows the user to truly understand exactly how the color mix isbeing impacted by any changes being made to one of the six attributes.

The UNDO key restores the values for the current pen that existed whenthat pen was selected to edit. However, if the "prev menu" key isdepressed (thus returning to the menu with the pen selections), thenewly edited values are "latched" into that pen.

The algorithm for converting RED/GREEN/BlUE (RGB) colors to/fromHUE/SATURATION/LUMINOSITY (HSL) colors is shown in the respective RGB TOHSL and HSL TO RGB routines in the listing that follows. ##SPC2##

The graphics hardware in the HP 70004A display comprises a 12.5 MHzMotorola 68000 microprocessor which handles all I/O, graphics scaling,and stroke generation functions, and a 50 MHz TMS34010 Graphics SystemProcessor (GSP) which handles the raster conversion of vectorinformation into colored dots on the screen.

The two processors run asynchronously, with the GSP constantly parsingthe vector list and writing dots into the bit map. To avoid anyartifacts produced by viewing data on the screen while the GSP isupdating it, two separate bit maps are used, one of which is viewedwhile the other is drawn. They are swapped each time the GSP finishesone complete scan of the vector list.

The resolution is 1024×400 dots. This is unique in that graphics systemshave aspect ratios near 4×3; here we have an aspect ratio near 8×3.Therefore, this system has effectively double the typical horizontalresolution. This allows dot positioning to twice as fine a degree as istypical, which allows the display of twice as many points of data on thehorizontal axis with no loss of resolution. However, given theapproximately 147×105 mm display area, each pixel is essentially 0.14 mmwide ×0.26 mm high, or approximately twice as high as wide. It isdesirable for pixels to be square, as this provides for smoothervertical transitions, and equalizes the brightness of vertical andhorizontal lines. Therefore, all dots are stretched to be two pixelswide. FIG. 6 shows how this helps make traces overlap and thus smoothsthe transitions.

Dot or pixel stretching in accordance with the invention is implementedby drawing every line twice. The second time that the line is drawn, thestart and the end points are moved one pixel to the right. This worksregardless of the orientation of the line.

A listing of the line drawing routine, showing dot stretching, appearsbelow. The language is Texas Instruments TMS34010 assembly language.

    __________________________________________________________________________    draw.sub.-- line:                                                                   move CURXY,DADDR         ; starting point of line                             move NEWXY,SADDR         ; ending point of line                               clr  DYDX                ; [0,0]                                              subxy                                                                              DADDR,SADDR         ; SADDR = [b,a] = end-start                          jrz  horiz               ; IF DeltaY == 0, Horizontal                         jrn  vert                ; IF DeltaX == 0, Vertical                           subb INC1,INC1           ; fast way to set all bits = to                                               ; carry from above. INC1 now                                                  ; = [-1,-1] if b<0 or [0,0] if b>=0                                           ; Will be used later.                                movk 1,COUNT             ; assume a<0 and b<0, fix later if not               subxy                                                                              SADDR,DYDX          ; [-b,-a]                                            jrnc line1               ; branch if -b<0                                     movy SADDR,DYDX          ; -b>=0, DYDX=[b,-a]                                 not  INC1                ; [-1,-1]                                            srl  15,INC1             ; [+1,-l]                                      line1:                         ; DYDX MSW is now positive, INC1 MSW set             jrnv line2               ; branch if -a<0                                     movx SADDR,DYDX          ; -a>=0, DYDX=[b,a]                                  movx COUNT,INC1          ; [+1,+1]                                      line2:                         ; INC1 & DYDX now set, DYDX MSW & LSW pos            clr  INC2                ; [0,0]                                              move DYDX,SADDR          ; [b',a'] (b' & a' are absolute values)              srl  16,SADDR            ; [0,b']                                             cmpxy                                                                              SADDR,DYDX          ; compare a and b                                    jrv  line3               ; branch if a' < b'                                  movx INC1,INC2           ; b' >= a', INC2=[0,INC1(X)]                         jruc line4               ; b' >= a', no swap required                   line3:                         ; a' < b', swap a' and b'                            movx DYDX,SADDR          ; [0,b"]b"=a'                                        rl   16,DYDX             ; [b",a"], b"=a', a"=b', b" >= a"                    movy INC1,INC2           ; INC2=[INC1(Y),0]                             line4:                         ; a and b now both positive and b >= a               add  SADDR,SADDR         ; 2 * b                                              movx DYDX,COUNT          ; a                                                  sub  COUNT,SADDR         ; d=2 * b - a                                        addk 1,COUNT             ; a + 1                                              MMTM SP,SADDR,DADDR,COUNT,PATTRN                                                                       ; save evrything                                     LINE 0                   ; draw line                                          MMFM SP,SADDR,DADDR,COUNT,PATTRN                                                                       ; recall everything                                  ADDI [1,0],DADDR         ; move vertices right one                            LINE 0                   ; draw line again to implement                       jruc done                ; DOT STRETCHING.                              horiz:                                                                              jrn  gpixel                                                                   jrnv do.sub.-- fill                                                           subxy                                                                              SADDR,DYDX          ; make DeltaX positive : DYDX = 0-[b,a]              move DYDX,SADDR                                                               subxy                                                                              SADDR,DADDR         ; change start to (y1,x1)                            jruc do.sub.-- fill                                                     vert:                                                                               jrnc do.sub.-- fill                                                           neg  SADDR               ; make DeltaY positive                               subxy                                                                              SADDR,DADDR         ; change start to (y1,x1)                      do.sub.-- fill:                                                                     move SADDR,DYDX                                                               addi 020001H,DYDX        ; add 1 to each dimension so line covers                                      all dots                                                                      ; and is a dot thick; add 1 more to x so 2                                    dots thick                                           fill XY                  ; thus implementing DOT STRETCHING                   jruc done                                                               gpixel:                                                                             movi [1,0],INC2          ; just a dot                                         DRAV INC2,DADDR          ; draw dot                                           DRAV INC2,DADDR          ; draw again to implement DOT STRETCHING       done:                                                                               RETS                                                                    * END DRAW LINE ROUTINE                                                       __________________________________________________________________________

The foregoing description is offered primarily for purposes ofillustration. While a variety of embodiments has been disclosed, it willbe readily apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous othermodifications and variations not mentioned above can still be madewithout departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimedbelow.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for user interaction with a display foran electronic system, the display comprising a screen that displays aplurality of windows, the system comprising a plurality of instrumentswherein instrument states for each of at least two of the plurality ofinstruments are displayed in respective windows simultaneously, themethod comprising the steps of:providing an instrument key to initiate asequence to access at least one of the instruments, whose instrumentstate is being displayed in one of the plurality of windows, to changeinstrument settings, the instrument key to facilitate a change insettings of any instrument displayed in any of the windows that appearson the screen, the instrument key being depressed by a user forinitiating a sequence for selecting the instrument whose settings are tobe changed; responding to user depression of the instrument key bydisplaying a first softkey menu having a plurality of user selectionscorresponding to the instruments whose instrument states appear in thewindows displayed on the screen; responding to user depression of asoftkey that appears in the first softkey menu by displaying a secondsoftkey menu having a plurality of user selections corresponding toavailable settings of the selected instrument; and responding to userdepression of a softkey that appears in the second softkey menu byenabling means for adjusting a selected setting of the selectedinstrument; thereby providing two-stroke access to an instrumentdisplayed in any window displayed on-screen, thus greatly easing theburden of controlling instruments whose instrument states appear in theplurality of windows.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the display is acolor display and different colors are used to indicate correspondencebetween the instruments displayed in the windows and instrumentselections on the first softkey menu.
 3. The method of claim 2 whereineach instrument is provided with a label identification and a softkeycontaining at least a portion of the label identification for theinstrument is displayed in inverse video in the same color as theassociated window border.
 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the labelidentifications are model numbers, multiple instruments having the samemodel number are used, and the row and column addresses of theinstruments having the same model number are displayed in the firstsoftkey menu to distinguish between instruments having the same modelnumber.
 5. The method of claim 1 wherein label identifications of theinstruments displayed in the windows appear in the first softkey menu.6. The method of claim 5 wherein multiple instruments having the samemodel number are used, and the row and column addresses of theinstruments having the same model number are displayed to distinguishbetween instruments having the same model number.
 7. The method of claim1 wherein each of the plurality of instruments comprises one of a moduleand a combination of modules.
 8. A method for adjusting a plurality ofcolors associated with a plurality of images displayed on a screen of acolor display system, comprising the steps of:providing a user with asoftkey menu for color adjustment, which enables the user to adjust eachof six attributes of a color, the attributes comprising red value, greenvalue, blue value, hue, saturation, and luminosity, wherein theattributes red value, green value, and blue value belong to one colorsystem and the attributes hue, saturation, and luminosity belong toanother color system; simultaneously displaying each of the sixattributes; responding to user depression of a softkey that appears inthe color adjustment softkey menu for enabling means for adjusting theselected attribute of the color; and displaying a user adjustment of theselected color attribute as a corresponding change in the attributes ofthe other color system; thereby enabling the user to select any desiredcolor.
 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step ofproviding a color editor resident in the display and a superimposedwindow on the screen, and wherein the window displays red value, greenvalue, and blue value as at least one of a) numeric readouts and b) barsin a bar graph format which change in height, as the user changes thered, green, and blue values.
 10. The method of claim 9 wherein thewindow further displays readouts for hue, saturation, and luminosity,which change as the user adjusts values thereby providing a simultaneousdisplay of all six attributes to enable the user to view how the colormix is being impacted by any changes being made to one of the sixattributes.
 11. The method of claim 8 wherein the softkey menu for coloradjustment further enables the user to recall colors for loading a colormap from a resident color map register, further comprising the step ofprompting the user to enter a register number after the user depressesthe recall colors softkey and thereafter prompting the user to depressan enter softkey.
 12. The method of claim 8 wherein the softkey menu forcolor adjustment further enables the user to save colors for storing acolor map in a resident color map register, further comprising the stepof prompting the user to enter a register number after the userdepresses the save colors softkey and thereafter prompting the user todepress an enter softkey.
 13. The method of claim 8 wherein the softkeymenu for color adjustment further enables the user to default colors forloading a color map from a preset color map resident in read onlymemory.
 14. The method of claim 8 wherein the softkey menu for coloradjustment further enables the user to select monochrome for loading acolor map with shades of green.
 15. The method of claim 8 wherein thesoftkey menu for color adjustment further enables the user to select aspecial colors menu for providing a softkey menu enabling the user toselect one of at least three color maps resident in read only memory,including two color maps optimized for two common visual impairments,respectively, and one color map for a user working in red goggles oftenfound in optics laboratories.
 16. The method of claim 8 wherein thesoftkey menu for color adjustment further enables the user to select anedit colors menu, further comprising the step of prompting the user toenter a pen number corresponding to one of the images displayed on thescreen after the user depresses the edit colors key for editing thecolor in which the selected image appears.
 17. The method of claim 16wherein the user can edit the color of the selected image displayed onthe screen to any desired color.
 18. A method for enhancing selectedimages displayed on a screen of a display for an electronic system, thescreen comprising a plurality of rows of pixels, each row of pixelscomprising a line of the display, wherein the system comprises amicroprocessor, which handles all I/O, graphics scaling, and strokegeneration functions, and a graphics system processor, which handlesraster conversion of vector information into dots on the screen, the twoprocessors being operated asynchronously, with the graphics systemprocessor constantly parsing a vector list and writing dots into a bitmap, wherein to avoid any artifacts produced by viewing data on thescreen while the graphics system processor is updating the bit map, twoseparate bit maps are used, one of which is viewed while the other isdrawn, the two bit maps being swapped each time the graphics systemprocessor completes one complete scan of the vector list, the methodcomprising the steps of:drawing every line of the display once, a startpoint of a selected image being contained in a first line and an endpoint of the selected image being contained in a second line; anddrawing selected lines of the display a second time, wherein the secondtime that the selected lines are drawn, the start and the end points aremoved one pixel horizontally to an adjacent pixel in the respective rowsof pixels containing the start and the end points, respectively; therebyapplying pixel stretching to any selected image on the screen to provideclearer, more refined images.
 19. A method for user interaction with acolor display for an electronic system, the display comprising a screenthat displays a plurality of windows, the system comprising a pluralityof instruments wherein instrument states for each of at least two of theplurality of instruments are displayed in respective windowssimultaneously, and for adjusting a plurality of colors associated witha plurality of images displayed on the screen of the display, as well asfor enhancing selected images displayed on the screen of the display,the screen comprising a plurality of rows of pixels, each row of pixelscomprising a line of the display, the method comprising the stepsof:providing an instrument key to initiate a sequence to access at leastone of the instruments, whose instrument state is being displayed in oneof the plurality of windows, to change instrument settings, theinstrument key to facilitate a change in settings of any instrumentdisplayed in any of the windows that appears on the screen, theinstrument key being depressed by a user for initiating a sequence forselecting the instrument whose settings are to be changed; responding touser depression of the instrument key by displaying a first softkey menuhaving a plurality of user selections corresponding to the instrumentswhose instrument states appear in the windows displayed on the screen;responding to user depression of a softkey that appears in the firstsoftkey menu by displaying a second softkey menu having a plurality ofuser selections corresponding to available settings of the selectedinstrument; responding to user depression of a softkey that appears inthe second softkey menu by enabling means for adjusting a selectedsetting of the selected instrument; providing the user with a thirdsoftkey menu for color adjustment, which enables the user to adjust anyof six attributes of a color, the attributes comprising red value, greenvalue, blue value, hue, saturation, and luminosity; responding to userdepression of a softkey that appears in the color adjustment softkeymenu for enabling means for adjusting a selected attribute of the color;drawing every line of the display once, a start point of a selectedimage being contained in a first line and an end point of the selectedimage being contained in a second line; and drawing selected lines ofthe display a second time wherein the second time that the selectedlines are drawn, the start and the end points are moved one pixelhorizontally to an adjacent pixel in the respective rows of pixelscontaining the start and the end points, respectively; thereby 1)providing two-stroke access to an instrument displayed in any windowdisplayed on-screen, thus greatly easing the burden of controllinginstruments whose instrument states appear in the plurality of windows,2) enabling the user to select any desired color, and 3) applying pixelstretching to any selected image on the screen to provide clearer, morerefined images, so that user interaction with the electronic systemthrough the display is enhanced.